Sulforaphane — Supplements
Cruciferous vegetable isothiocyanate that potently activates the Nrf2 antioxidant defense pathway.
Overview
Sulforaphane is an isothiocyanate produced from glucoraphanin (found in broccoli and broccoli sprouts) by the enzyme myrosinase. It is the most potent natural activator of the Nrf2 (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2) pathway, which controls the expression of >200 cytoprotective and antioxidant genes. Clinical trials demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects, improved autistic behavior scores in a landmark RCT, enhanced detoxification of airborne pollutants, and potential chemoprotective properties. Broccoli sprout extracts provide the most concentrated natural source.
Indications
- Nrf2-mediated antioxidant defense activation
- Detoxification pathway enhancement
- Anti-inflammatory support
- Chemoprotection (adjunctive, emerging)
Mechanism of Action
Sulforaphane modifies cysteine residues on Keap1, releasing Nrf2 from proteasomal degradation
Dosing
| Compound | Dose | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sulforaphane | 30 mg | Once daily | From broccoli sprout extract; ensure myrosinase activity for conversion |
Evidence Grade
GRADE C
Safety & Contraindications
- Generally well tolerated; mild GI effects (gas, bloating) possible
- May interact with thyroid function at very high doses (goitrogen content of cruciferous vegetables)
- Myrosinase-active forms are required for glucoraphanin conversion
- Supplement quality varies; verify sulforaphane yield, not just glucoraphanin content