Sodium Bicarbonate — Supplements

Alkaline buffering agent for acute blood pH optimization during high-intensity anaerobic exercise.

Overview

Sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) is an extracellular buffer that increases blood pH and bicarbonate concentration, enhancing the efflux of hydrogen ions and lactate from exercising muscle. Meta-analyses demonstrate a ~2% improvement in high-intensity exercise performance lasting 1-7 minutes. The ISSN recognizes sodium bicarbonate as an effective ergogenic aid for repeated sprint performance and high-intensity intermittent exercise. GI distress is the primary limitation, which can be mitigated by enteric-coated formulations or serial dosing protocols.

Indications

  • High-intensity anaerobic exercise performance
  • Repeated sprint ability enhancement
  • Blood lactate buffering
  • Combat sport and interval training support

Mechanism of Action

Sodium bicarbonate increases blood pH and bicarbonate concentration (metabolic alkalosis)

Dosing

CompoundDoseFrequencyNotes
Sodium Bicarbonate300 mg/kg body weight60-90 min pre-exerciseSplit into 3-4 doses over 60-90 min; take with small snack and water

Safety & Contraindications

  • GI distress (nausea, cramping, diarrhea, vomiting) is very common at standard doses
  • High sodium load; caution in hypertension and sodium-sensitive individuals
  • May cause metabolic alkalosis if used excessively
  • Enteric-coated capsules or serial dosing (split over 60-90 min) reduce GI side effects