Omega-3 Fish Oil — Supplements
Marine-sourced omega-3 fatty acids providing EPA and DHA for cardiovascular and inflammatory health.
Overview
Fish oil supplements provide the marine omega-3 fatty acids eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which are essential polyunsaturated fatty acids critical for cardiovascular health, brain function, and inflammation resolution. The evidence base includes hundreds of RCTs and multiple large-scale meta-analyses. AHA recommends omega-3 supplementation for patients with coronary heart disease. The Omega-3 Index (EPA+DHA as % of RBC membrane fatty acids) is an emerging cardiovascular risk biomarker, with target > 8%.
Indications
- Cardiovascular disease risk reduction
- Triglyceride lowering
- Anti-inflammatory support
- Brain health and cognitive function
- Joint health and comfort
Mechanism of Action
EPA and DHA replace arachidonic acid in cell membrane phospholipids, reducing pro-inflammatory eicosanoid production
Dosing
| Compound | Dose | Frequency | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Omega-3 Fish Oil | 2,000 mg (providing ~600 mg EPA + 400 mg DHA) | Once daily with food | Take with largest meal; look for IFOS or USP verification |
Evidence Grade
GRADE C
Safety & Contraindications
- Fishy burps and GI discomfort are common; take with meals or use enteric-coated forms
- May increase bleeding time; use caution with anticoagulants (though clinical bleeding risk is low)
- Choose products tested for heavy metals (mercury, lead), PCBs, and oxidation markers
- Store in cool, dark place to prevent oxidation; discard if rancid odor develops