Probiotics (Multi-Strain) — Live microorganisms / gut microbiome modulator
Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host (WHO/FAO definition). Mechanisms: (1) Competitive exclusion of pathogens; (2) Production of bacteriocins, SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids), and lactic acid; (3) Fortification of gut barrier (tight junction proteins ZO-1, claudin); (4) Immune modulation via Toll-like receptors and dendritic cells — increases Tregs, reduces inflammatory cytokines; (5) Gut-brain axis signaling via vagus nerve and neurotransmitter production (GABA, serotonin). Multi-strain formulations generally outperform single-strain for most indications.
نظرة عامة
هذه الصفحة جزء من مكتبة المركّبات المُصنَّفة بالأدلة في Hormonaly. جميع الادعاءات السريرية مرتبطة بمصادر علمية مُحكَّمة عبر خط أنابيب التحقق المزدوج للاستشهادات.
فئة المركّب
Live microorganisms / gut microbiome modulator
آلية العمل
Probiotics are live bacteria and yeasts that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host (WHO/FAO definition). Mechanisms: (1) Competitive exclusion of pathogens; (2) Production of bacteriocins, SCFAs (short-chain fatty acids), and lactic acid; (3) Fortification of gut barrier (tight junction proteins ZO-1, claudin); (4) Immune modulation via Toll-like receptors and dendritic cells — increases Tregs, reduces inflammatory cytokines; (5) Gut-brain axis signaling via vagus nerve and neurotransmitter production (GABA, serotonin). Multi-strain formulations generally outperform single-strain for most indications.
الوضع التنظيمي
OTC dietary supplement. Some strains are OTC drugs (Saccharomyces boulardii — VSL#3 is FDA-regulated medical food). Regulatory framework evolving.
مستوى الأدلة
Moderate-High (indication-specific). Cochrane meta-analysis: Lactobacillus/Saccharomyces for AAD (RR 0.46). IBS evidence mixed but positive for functional bloating/pain. AGA and WGO guidelines support specific strain-indication combinations.